Report name: Sample Forecast
How the Profit and Loss Forecast is Calculated
This example shows how Figurewizard calculates your profit and loss forecast for 1,2 or 3 years simply from projected overheads, investments and finance.
This example shows how Figurewizard calculates your profit and loss forecast for 1,2 or 3 years simply from projected overheads, investments and finance.
| forecast for year beginning the 1st. | May 2017 | May 2018 | May 2019 |
| Sales | 1,500,000 | 1,650,000 | 2,200,000 |
| add: Delivery / Service Charges | 37,500 | 41,250 | 55,000 |
| Total Sales | 1,537,500 | 1,691,250 | 2,255,000 |
| less: Cost of Goods Sold | 885,000 | 973,500 | 1,298,000 |
| Gross Profit Cfwd | 652,500 | 717,750 | 957,000 |
| Wages NI and Pensions | 300,000 | 310,000 | 330,000 |
| Administrative Overheads | 105,800 | 127,200 | 145,500 |
| Selling Overheads | 136,381 | 156,500 | 203,567 |
| Depreciation | 10,876 | 17,543 | 20,290 |
| Operating Overheads and Expenses | 553,057 | 611,243 | 699,357 |
Operating Profit | 99,443 | 106,507 | 257,643 |
| less: Interest Charges | 5,062 | 7,469 | 5,394 |
| add: Exceptional Item (Profit on Asset Sales) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pre-Tax Profit for the Year | 94,381 | 99,038 | 252,249 |
| less: Corporation Tax | 13,613 | 18,495 | 47,077 |
| Net Profit Cfwd | 80,768 | 80,543 | 205,172 |
| Corporation Tax % of Pre Tax Profit | 14.4% | 18.7% | 18.7% |
This example of a Figurewizard profit and loss forecast is calculated from your own profected figures for sales, margin, overheads, the cost and sales values of assets, financing and a few simple ratios.
VAT and Corporation tax are automatically calculated and applied to the forecast .by our system. Forecasts can be for one, two or three years.
Net income arising exclusively from core trading activity defines operating profit, making it your .busines plan's key profit forecast.
Operating profit is also a major component of the operating cash flow forecast which describes how well your company.will be able ro service its external financing such as the overdraft and other loans going forward.
Profits (or losses) from the sale of fixed assets or income from investments are "exceptional items" unconnected with core trading activity. These are not added to the profit and loss or net income forecast until after operating profit has been calculated.
In this example, forecast overheads include fixed overheads of £130,000 and wages of £300,000, a total of £430,000. Reducing these using the What-If Calculator will dramatically improve both profits and cash.
| Year 1 less: | Fixed OH + Wages | Pre - Tax Profits | Working Capital (Liquidity) | Operating Cash Flow | Bank: Year End |
| 0% | 430,000 | 94,381 | 63,022 | 12,208 | -35,439 |
| 5% | 408,500 | 116,779 | 81,165 | 33,488 | -13,261 |
| 10% | 387,000 | 138,712 | 98,931 | 54,768 | 8,452 |
In this example the What-If calculator is again used to reduce fixed overheads are reduced but this time with reductions of 0.25% added to the % of sales for the cost of shipping orders and providing for bad debts.
| Shipping and Bad Debts | Fixed OH + Wages | Pre - Tax Profits | Working Capital (Liquidity) | Operating Cash Flow | Bank: Year-End |
| 7.0% | 430,000 | 94,381 | 63,022 | 12,208 | -35,439 |
| 6.5% | 408,500 | 124,514 | 87,430 | 40,896 | -5,698 |
| 6.0% | 387,000 | 154,015 | 111,326 | 69,584 | 23,410 |
To arrive at an HMRC compliant taxable profit forecast the pre-tax profit forecast is adjusted, for example by substituting capital allowances for depreciation.
Provisions such as for bad debts and depreciation are also added back. at is because while they are legitimate charges to proft they have not involved any transfers of cash.. In addition, entertainment expenses are also added back.
How all of this is calculated can be viewed in the Corporation Tax sample forecast.
Although chargeable to profit and loss, HMRC do not generally accept entertainment expenses as being tax deductible. They are also subject to complex rules. For example:
Entertaining Business Clients – Where the entertainment is accepted as a forum for discussing business deals. Not regarded as a benefit in kind.
Any Other Entertainment – Where HMRC does not regard the entertainment charge as appropriate for business dealings a personal and taxable benefit in kind can be created.
Auditors have a duty to report these factors when assessing the company's taxable profit.
Fees associated with financing such as bank, charge card or invoice financing service charges are chargeable to operating profit: Interest charges are not.
Interest charges are a tax-deductible charge to both forecast net profit and forecast taxable profit but because they are solely concerned with financing, they are not charged until after operating profit has been calculated.
Retained profits after tax are those which are available for distribution as dividends. They are variously referred to in the balance sheet as reserves or shareholders funds and form part of the equity or net worth of the company.
Profits in a business plan depend on an uninterrupted supply of goods and services, delivered as and when they are needed.
Nothing is more likely to create such interruptions than cash flow deficits. Even a single month's shortage of cash can result in interruptions to supply, a loss of confidence among suppliers and serious consequences for your forecast profits.